Abstract
BackgroundThe Na+,K+-ATPase plays an important role for ion homeostasis in virtually all mammalian cells, including neurons. Despite this, there is as yet little known about the isoform specific distribution in neurons.ResultsWith help of superresolving stimulated emission depletion microscopy the spatial distribution of Na+,K+-ATPase in dendritic spines of cultured striatum neurons have been dissected. The found compartmentalized distribution provides a strong evidence for the confinement of neuronal Na+,K+-ATPase (α3 isoform) in the postsynaptic region of the spine.ConclusionsA compartmentalized distribution may have implications for the generation of local sodium gradients within the spine and for the structural and functional interaction between the sodium pump and other synaptic proteins. Superresolution microscopy has thus opened up a new perspective to elucidate the nature of the physiological function, regulation and signaling role of Na+,K+-ATPase from its topological distribution in dendritic spines.
Highlights
The Na+,K+-ATPase plays an important role for ion homeostasis in virtually all mammalian cells, including neurons
Studies have further indicated that the sodium pump may play a more dynamic role in neurons than what was previously believed
We found that the a3 isoform coimmunoprecipitated (CoIP) with the synaptic scaffolding protein PSD-95, a wellknown synaptic marker, typically located in the head of the spines in excitatory synapses [10]
Summary
The Na+,K+-ATPase plays an important role for ion homeostasis in virtually all mammalian cells, including neurons. The Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA or sodium pump), is an integral plasma membrane protein complex responsible for the active transport of Na+ and K+ ions across the plasma membrane in almost all animal cells [1]. Studies have further indicated that the sodium pump may play a more dynamic role in neurons than what was previously believed It was shown in a study on Drosophila neurons that the sodium pump mediates an after-hyperpolarization, which may interact with K+ conductance, to provide a cellular memory of previous activity in the neuron [4]. The alpha subunit is the catalytic subunit and the main enzymatic properties of NKA are dependent of this isoform It contains ten trans-membrane segments and both the N- and C-termini are intracellular [5]. The gamma subunit belongs to the polypeptide FXYD family and regulates the activity of the sodium pump in a tissue- and isoformspecific manner
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