Spatial Distribution of Hyperreflective Choroidal Foci in the Macula of Normal Eyes.

Abstract

To investigate variations in the spatial distribution of hyperreflective foci in the choroid of the macula in normal eyes. We included eyes with a normal fundus from patients who had undergone optical coherence tomography angiography, covering a 6-mm × 6-mm area centered on the fovea. The macular area was divided into nine sectors according to the modified Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid. Hyperreflective choroidal foci (HCF) distribution, choriocapillaris vascular density, and choroidal stromal density were determined on en face images of the choroid in each sector. We included 35 eyes from 35 participants, with a mean age of 52.7 ± 16.8years. The mean number and area fraction of HCF at the 5-mm macular area were 35.6 ± 7.8 foci/mm2 and 3.0% ± 0.7%, respectively. The number of HCF in the central circle (50.7 ± 20.9 foci/mm2) was greater than that in the inner (35.1 ± 13.0 foci/mm2) or outer rings (35.6 ± 6.5 foci/mm2) (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The area fraction of HCF in the central circle (4.84% ± 3.36%) was greater than that in the inner (2.62% ± 1.17%; P < 0.001) or outer rings (3.12% ± 0.67%; P = 0.004). The HCF distribution did not significantly correlate with the choriocapillaris vascular density or choroidal stromal density in each sector. HCF were more densely distributed in the macular center than in the pericentral or peripheral macular areas. HCF measurement and spatial distribution could provide additional information for evaluating choroidal stromal characteristics.