Abstract
Hospitalizations for ischemic heart disease have an uneven distribution throughout Spain, in which Asturias is the community with the highest rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and angina pectoris (AP). Cardiovascular diseases are related to environmental, socioeconomic and previous medical conditions, which result in geographical differences in the incidence of hospital admissions and mortality. The goal of this study was to describe the spatial distribution of hospital admissions in the central area of Asturias and explore the existence of spatial patterns or clusters. Urgent hospital admissions for AMI and angina AP in the hospitals of the central area of Asturias were registered, geocoded and grouped by census tracts. Standardized admission ratio, smoothed relative risk, posterior risk probability and analysis of spatial clusters between relative risks throughout the study area were calculated and mapped. Geographical differences were found in the distribution of hospital admissions for AMI and AP across the area and between men and women. The cluster analysis indicated contiguous census tracts with high relative risk values in the northwest region of the study area and low relative risk in the east, particularly for men. The geographical analysis shows the existence of patterns and spatial clusters in the incidence of AMI and AP, for both men and women, in the central area of Asturias.
Highlights
IntroductionCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide [1]
Introduction published maps and institutional affilCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide [1]
In 2019, there were 29,247 deaths from ischemic heart diseases registered in Spain (International Classification of Diseases—ICD10 I20-I25), of which 13,673 were caused by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (ICD10 I21), and 13,371 by chronic ischemic heart disease (ICD10 I25) [3]
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide [1]. It is estimated that they cause 17 million deaths annually, of which approximately 7.4 million correspond to coronary heart diseases. In the European Union, cardiovascular diseases had a mortality rate of 63 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2017 [2]. There are large geographical differences throughout Europe, with Spain being one of the countries having a lower rate, i.e., 37 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. In 2019, there were 29,247 deaths from ischemic heart diseases registered in Spain (International Classification of Diseases—ICD10 I20-I25), of which 13,673 were caused by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (ICD10 I21), and 13,371 by chronic ischemic heart disease (ICD10 I25) [3]. The data published in Spain for 2018 included 118,464 hospitalizations for ischemic heart diseases, which represented 2.4% of iations
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