Abstract
The Brazilian state of Paraná is one of the leading producers of maize. However, expansion of soybean cropping has caused a drop in maize production and could have impacted production systems. The aim of the study was to verify the evolution and identify the structure, spatial dynamics and transformation of maize and soybean production systems in the state of Paraná. Municipal Agricultural Production data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) provided the basis for this study. The Location Quotient was analyzed to identify microregions specialized in the production of soybean and first and second crops of maize. Principal components and groups were analyzed in order to characterize the structure and dynamics of maize and soybean production systems in specialized microregions. The results show how maize and soybean production systems have been transformed; soybean is now cropped in areas previously occupied by first crop maize, and the area occupied by second crop maize has increased. This has led to the predominant use of the crop rotation system with first crop soybean followed by second crop maize.
Highlights
Resumo - O milho é um dos principais produtos da agricultura paranaense
In 2016, according to Municipal Agricultural Production (MAP) data published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), around 13.8 million metric tons of maize were produced in an area of 2,566,054 ha, and some 17 million metric tons of soybean in an area of 5,421,348 ha
In Paraná, the expansion of soybean cropping raises a number of questions concerning maize production, such as: What changes have been brought about by the spatial interdependency between the maize and soybean crops? How much has first cropr maize lost in terms of area? By how much has the second crop maize area increased? Has production increased or decreased? These questions provide a basis for examining a possible spatial interdependency between maize and soybean production
Summary
Resumo - O milho é um dos principais produtos da agricultura paranaense. Entretanto, sua retração devido à expansão da cultura da soja, pode ter modificado os sistemas de produção. Foram realizadas análises de componentes principais e de agrupamentos, para caracterizar a estrutura e dinâmica dos sistemas de produção de milho e soja nas microrregiões especializadas. In 2016, according to Municipal Agricultural Production (MAP) data published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), around 13.8 million metric tons of maize were produced in an area of 2,566,054 ha, and some 17 million metric tons of soybean in an area of 5,421,348 ha. With regard to soybean, according to MAP data, state of Paraná was responsible for 17.68% of total Brazilian production in 2016. This result was obtained due to the dynamics of the soybean production chain, consisting of various stages: grain (agricultural production), brans and vegetable oils and oils related to input supply for upstream links (Caldarelli et al, 2009). In Paraná, the expansion of soybean cropping raises a number of questions concerning maize production, such as: What changes have been brought about by the spatial interdependency between the maize and soybean crops? How much has first cropr maize lost in terms of area? By how much has the second crop maize area increased? Has production increased or decreased? These questions provide a basis for examining a possible spatial interdependency between maize and soybean production
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