Abstract
基于SPSS 20.0统计软件,对太湖流域(江苏省)9个三级生态功能分区和湖体28项水质指标数据分别进行处理,从原始监测数据中提取出5个主成分,计算其贡献率和主成分得分值,研究主要污染因子的组合,并对相应污染源进行分析.结果表明第一主成分主要体现了水体中氮、磷等导致富营养化的关键因子,而第二个主成分主要反映水体重金属水平,整个江苏省太湖流域污染情况空间分布略有不同,水环境质量也大体表现为北高南低、西高东低的趋势,湖体也存在对应的空间特征,反映了流域外源输入是导致湖体水质污染的主要原因之一,为太湖流域的环境监测及污染治理提供重要的信息和依据.;Using principal component analysis method in SPSS 20.0 statistical software, the data of 28 water quality indexes in 9 level Ⅲ aquatic ecological function zones in the Lake Taihu basin as well as in each lake region were separately processed. Five principal components from the original monitoring data were derived. According to the contribution rate and score of each principal component, the combination of main pollution factors and relative pollution sources were analyzed finally. The first principal component reflected the key factors of the water eutrophication including N and P. The second principal component reflected the heavy metal matter level. There existed a significant spatial pattern in pollution source characteristics, and water quality both in basin and lake deteriorated not only from the south to the north, but also from the east to the west. The results indicated that exogenous source was a key factor causing water pollution in Lake Taihu. This study provides important information and foundation for the environmental monitoring and pollution treatment.
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