Spatial Differentiation and Equalization of Medical Service Based on Accessibility of Urban Public Transport: A Case Study of Dalian

Abstract

Health care services are the core elements of the urban public service system. Hospital accessibility network and its decision network system of health care services play a decisive role in the facilitation of medical treatment for urban residents. A distribution map of hospitals in the main city of Dalian is generated using ArcGIS software. The average reach time of medical treatment in each district is calculated using the network analysis module. The average time of arrival is denoted as the evaluation index to discuss the accessibility of public transportation and private cars during peak and non-peak hours, as well as the spatial distribution characteristics and differences of each district and hospital. Moran's I index and LISA local clustering model are used to explore areas of inadequate medical services. The minimum available time of each district is set as a standard, the hinterland of medical service in hospitals at all levels was delimited, and the reasons for its formation were analyzed. Research shows that (1) the overall accessibility of medical care in the downtown district of Dalian is better, and the accessibility of peak and peak hours is in a circle. Relative to private cars, public transport at peak hours has obvious advantages for medical treatment. Peak and non-peak hours are quite different, average peak time average peak area of 10-20 min in a larger proportion of the cell, reaching 68.1%; (2) The hospital accessibility level is generally good, with a coverage area of 96.53% in 30min.. From the core area to the peripheral area, the influence of traffic resistance on reachability gradually increases. (3) The level of equalization of medical services at the street level is obviously different, and the overall spatial autocorrelation is weak. (4) Within each medical hinterland, the number and distance of the hospital's medical services has a decisive influence on the ability hinterland, lack of health areas highly dependent causing residents to a hospital.This article provides some suggestions for the abovementioned problems.