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Abstract
This paper presents the results of a concerted effort in characterizing the spatial correlation of radio waves detected by a multi-element antenna system in indoor environments. The number of arriving paths and their directions are first studied through a series of measurements. The results are then used in a simulation to obtain spatial correlation indoors. It is found that generally an antenna array positioned near the center of the room will experience more rapidly decreasing correlation with spacing, which is a desired trait. In addition, a linear array oriented perpendicular to the length of the room in general shows better characteristics in terms of faster slope of correlation compared to the one in parallel with the length of the room. The average correlation indoors is also found to be similar to the correlation function arising from the two-dimensional circularly distributed random scatterers proposed by Clarke. For practical implementation of antenna arrays in small terminals for indoor wireless applications, it is suggested that the inter-element spacing be made 0.3? in the least.
Highlights
Signal quality and channel capacity are amongthe most essential indicators of performance of wireless communication systems
While providing space diversity leads to improvement of error rate performance in fading channels, multiantenna systems can render multiple channels with some degree of mutual orthogonality, which when used with spatial multiplexing scheme will considerably increase the spectralefficiency of radio channels [3][4]
Determination of spatial correlation of radio waveshas played an important role in assessment of the effectiveness of multi-antenna systems
Summary
This paper presents the results of a concerted effort in characterizing the spatial correlation of radio waves detected by a multi-element antenna system in indoor environments. The results are used in a simulation to obtain spatial correlation indoors. It is found that generally an antenna array positioned near the center of the room will experience more rapidly decreasing correlation with spacing, which is a desired trait. A linear array oriented perpendicular to thelength oftheroom in general shows better characteristics in terms of faster slope of correlation compared to the onein parallel with thelength oftheroom. For practical implementation of antenna arrays in small terminals for indoor wireless applications, it is suggested that the inter-element spacing be made 0.3λ in the least
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