Abstract
This paper presents mathematical expressions for the spatial correlation between elements of linear and circular antenna arrays, considering cosine, Gaussian, and Von Mises distributions, for the direction of arrival (DoA) of the electromagnetic waves at the receiver antenna. The expressions obtained for the Von Mises distribution can include or not the mutual coupling effect between the elements and are simpler than those obtained for the cosine and the Gaussian distributions of the angle of arrival. The Von Mises distribution produces spatial correlation expressions in terms of Bessel and trigonometric functions. An exact expression for the spatial correlation, taking into account the mutual coupling, for the circular and linear arrays and an arbitrary number of elements are presented. It can be verified, by numerical evaluation of the expressions, that the coupling between the elements correlates the electromagnetic field, and a separation of half wavelength could not be enough to decorrelate them.
Highlights
The design of modern communication systems usually requires the statistical characterization of parameters, such as the direction of arrival (DoA) of the electromagnetic wave that reaches the receiver antenna
In [2], the author addresses the spatial processing of signals with respect to the multiplicity of transmitters and presents the algorithm used in the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method which gives asymptotically nonbiased estimates of different parameters, such as number of arriving waves, direction of arrival, interference, and noise power
If φ represents the arrival angle of a component that results from the multipath propagation in an urban environment, the Von Mises distribution is used to model the random variable Φ, whose pdf is given by pΦ φ eκ cos(φ−φ p
Summary
The design of modern communication systems usually requires the statistical characterization of parameters, such as the direction of arrival (DoA) of the electromagnetic wave that reaches the receiver antenna. With the advance of MIMO systems, one can observe a growing need to assess the performance of compact receivers, in which the signal samples at the elements of the array are correlated In this scenario, it is necessary to characterize the random nature of the directions of arrival using an appropriate probability distribution. In [21] the Von Mises distribution is used to determine expressions for the spatial correlation functions of a uniform circular antenna array considering three-dimensional multipath propagation. This distribution is used in [22] to compute the design parameters of an antenna array in terms of the κ adjust parameter. An additional contribution of this paper is the derivation of expressions for the spatial correlation of linear and circular array considering the Von Mises distribution with and without mutual coupling
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
