Abstract
One of the key areas of the development of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) are reactivity monitoring techniques. Since the measurement in the future industrial reactor have to be made in the real time applied methods should be accurate, simple and robust. Therefore methods based on point kinetic model are considered. Necessary experimental validation of selected methods was carried out within research project FP7 FREYA using VENUS-F reactor. This paper presents results obtained using the Sjostrand method and the source multiplication method. Since ADS core behaviour differs from the point kinetics obtained reactivity value depends on the detector position in the system. From the results it is clear that measurement results strongly depend on the position of the detector in the system. For the Sjostrand method these spatial effects can be successfully corrected using MCNP-calculated correction factors. Those correction factors do not change within the range of reactivity changes covered in the experiments. Spatial effects affecting source multiplication method are more complex and they depend also on neutron flux distribution in the core.
Highlights
One of the key areas of the development of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) are reactivity monitoring techniques
The main advantage of the ADS is fact that the reactor is working in the subcritical state which leads to enhanced safety properties by increasing the safety margin to prompt supercriticality
The other detectors are giving values to criticality. This overestimation grows with distance from the core centre. This so called spatial effects are caused by the fact that behaviour of the system varies from the point kinetic model on which the method is based
Summary
The Accelerator Driven System (ADS) is composed of three main components: nuclear reactor working in subcritical state, spallation neutron source and a proton accelerator The idea of such device is relatively old and war first proposed by E. No such industrial scale device was ever constructed The revival of this idea is observed over last two decades, this time as one of the technologies for transmutation of spent nuclear fuel. The main advantage of the ADS is fact that the reactor is working in the subcritical state which leads to enhanced safety properties by increasing the safety margin to prompt supercriticality It is critical when dealing with minor actinides in the fuel which lead to disadvantageous changes in such safety parameters as reactivity coefficients and delayed neutron fraction. The key requirements for utilised method are accuracy and robustness, and simplicity since reactivity must be determined in real-time [3]
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