Abstract
Spatial concentration of the manufacturing industry in Russia during the period of 2005-2015 was analyzed in the article. The analysis includes 83 Russian subjects, which are united in 8 federal districts. The Herfindahl-Hirschman index, the Theil index and the coefficient of variation by the production volume, the number of employees and the fixed assets volume were used to estimate the scale and tendencies of the spatial concentration of the manufacturing industry. The analysis has revealed an increase in the spatial concentration of the manufacturing industry in Russia as a whole against the backdrop of multidirectional concentration-dispersion processes in the regions and districts. Production redistribution has been revealed: the east of the country is dominated by the deconcentration of production and the western part is dominated by the concentration of production. The strong localization of certain sectors of the manufacturing industry (chemical and electronic industry, and transport vehicles production) under the infl uence of agglomeration forces has been established.
Highlights
Spatial concentration or agglomeration of production activity reflects its uneven distribution throughout the territorial units
The post-Soviet period in Russia was marked by the increase in the spatial concentration
when the manufacturing industry was dispersed throughout the country
Summary
Spatial concentration or agglomeration of production activity reflects its uneven distribution throughout the territorial units. The location of a certain industry in a small number of regions indicates a high spatial concentration of that industry; on the other hand a more even distribution of a certain industry enterprises throughout the territorial units indicates its dispersion. Spatial concentration is made manifest through the concentration of firms, people, capital, technology, innovations in certain places, which provides higher profits, low transactional costs, and increasing returns to scale. The benefits of concentrated accommodation are so great that further attraction of production factors, people, investments to a certain area take place, i.e. the agglomeration effect is displayed. Regions with high concentration of production activity achieve higher economic growth due to the agglomeration effect. An explanation of the spatial concentration influence on interregional differentiation is well described in the scientific literature (Kim, 2008) [10]
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