Spatial changes of soil structural properties and organic carbon storage of arable farmland at Umuahia, Abia State

Abstract

Precision agriculture requires that spatial changes of soil structural properties and soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation be established for effective soil management. A research was carried out to ascertain the spatial variation of soil structural properties and organic carbon accumulation of an arable farmland at Umuahia. The experiment was conducted by delineating the land into three (3) portions. Three auger and core soil samples each were randomly collected from each portion, and this gave nine (9) observational points which were georeferenced. The soil samples were prepared and analysed in a laboratory for determination of parameters. The data generated were analysed for spatial variation using a GIS software package. The highest SOC accumulation of 26.46 ton / ha was obtained at the extreme north and northwestern regions of the land, while the lowest SOC accumulation of 19.71 ton / ha was obtained at extreme southeastern region of the land. The entire central area to the north western portion of the land had lowest bulk density (BD) of 1.33 kg / m3, while the southward to the north eastern portions of the land had the highest BD of 1.37 kg / m3. The highest hydraulic conductivity of 4.75 cm / mins was observed at the south western portion. The southward and extreme north eastern portions of the land had the highest mean weight diameter (MWD) of 0.95 mm, while the lowest MWD of 0.75 mm was observed at the central areaand extended to the north western portions of the land. There were also spatial changes in the total porosity, and micro aggregate stability indices across the land area. Suitable agronomic practices need to be adopted within the various portions of the land in managing the soil.