Spatial Behavior of Soil Erodibility in the La Villa River Basin, Panama

Abstract

Introduction: Soil erodibility is an important factor in understanding the erosion that takes place in a territory. This is a parameter that can behave erratically in small spaces, but that describes a trend in larger spaces.
 Aim: Determine the K factor of soil erodibility in the La Villa-Panama river basin.
 Place and Duration of Study: La Villa River Basin-Azuero Peninsula, Panama. 2010-2012.
 Methodology: 98 points of the La Villa river watershed were sampled. Factor K was calculated using the adaptation to the sol-erodibility nomogram. The percentage of organic matter, structure class (in the field), permeability (combination permeameter) and the percentages of sand, silt and very fine sand (Bouyoucos method) were determined. To obtain the most complete information possible on the distribution of erodibility, a superficial interpolation of the point values ​​corresponding to the soil samples taken was carried out. The software used was Arcview 3.3 and the Spatial Analyst extension. The interpolation method was IDW (Inverse Distance Weight). The erodibility values ​​were categorized into seven intervals in such a way that it was possible to observe the differences on the map.
 Results: The erodibility values ​​were influenced by the content of organic matter and coarse particles (percentage of sand and silt + very fine sand) of the soil. In the province of Herrera, 86% of the land surface and 76% in the province of Los Santos presents susceptibility to erosion in the ranges of 0.032 to 0.043 Ton ha h ha-1 Mj-1 mm-1.
 Conclusion: The results indicate that 80% of the soils of the La Villa river basin present a moderately high erodibility factor, with the highest values ​​being registered in the upper middle zone.