Abstract
Recently, South Sulawesi Provincial government has launched the “gong” program with the main objective to optimize all the resources (land, infrastructures, and farmers) in agriculture areas for maize production in the province. This study is aimed at identifying the suitability and availability of land areas for maize development in Maros Regionthe regency having the most extensive agriculture production in South Sulawesi province. This study employed land evaluation method in geographic information system (GIS) based on the FAO Framework for Land Evaluation. Land availability was assessed from overlaying information on land use (obtained from available land use map and SPOT XS image interpretation) and suitability classes based on the FAO Framework, as well as administration boundary map. The results indicated that the S1 (highly suitable) class comprises a total area of approximately 34,468 ha, or about 24% from the total area. The limiting factors for S2 (moderately suitable) and S3 (marginally suitable) classes are slope and nutrient availability, but with the advanced management efforts (moderately input) such sub-classes can actually promote S3 class to S2 level. It was also found that from a total of 144,085 ha of the study area, potential maize development area (for extensification) covers approximately 24,716 ha (or 35.6%). Tanralili, Bantimurung, and Simbang sub-districts cover the largest suitable area, where no significant limiting factors exist. Surprisingly, potential development area for maize in Camba, Mallawa, and Tompobulu sub-districts denotes minus values. This implies the facts that maize cultivation is still practiced on the land that is ecologically not suitable, where steep slope is the dominant limiting factor.
Highlights
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the staple food for many people in Indonesia
This study is aimed at identifying the suitability and availability of land areas for maize development in Maros Region- the regency having the most extensive agriculture production in South Sulawesi province
Land availability was assessed from overlaying information on land use and suitability classes based on the FAO Framework, as well as administration boundary map
Summary
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the staple food for many people in Indonesia. Since early 2000, Indonesia needs around 25 billion tons of maize every year, both for food and for industry [1]. The cost to lease good quality land has been very high—due to competition from other land uses This can force growers to use land of marginal quality, and it forces more intensive use of the available land with tighter crop rotations. In such developing region, the climate and soil data required to estimate land suitability and productivity for selected crops are not always available. This makes it difficult for local planners to map potential areas for development of maize in the region
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