Abstract
Abstract. Kazakhstan is naturally rich in fossil fuels and its economy is strongly linked to oil and gas exports. Significant coal reserves have led to an energy mix that is dominated by aging and polluting thermal power plants. Yet Kazakhstan comprises mainly grassland steppe where agriculture and livestock pastoralism dominate offering the potential for cleaner, renewable energy production from a range of agricultural and forestry wastes. Here we analyse the spatial distribution and bioenergy generation potential of different feedstocks using an ArcGIS platform and demonstrate a significant opportunity for a range of bioenergy technologies. We recommend a number of policy interventions to enable Kazakhstan to make a transition to cleaner, more accessible and locally generated supply which is also sustainable and provide a waste management solution.
Highlights
Kazakhstan is a large steppe country located in Central Asia
Kazakhstan is naturally rich in fossil fuels and its economy is strongly linked to oil and gas exports
Green Certificate Policies with bioenergy targets should be applied to the power generation sector. Both dedicated bioenergy and co-generation plants in the UK are in receipt of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) and Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROCs)
Summary
Kazakhstan is a large steppe country located in Central Asia. It is surrounded by Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan to the south, Russia to the north, China to the east, and is bounded to the west by the Caspian Sea. We present the available biomass resources (crop residues, the production of livestock residues and forest residues) and evaluate for the first time the total amount and the spatial distribution of the crop residue availability for energy generation. This type of assessment is needed by policy makers and local governments in their efforts to establish medium- and long-term planning for the development of biomass and biogas resources, and for enterprises and planners to arrange for the development and implementation of projects related to biomass resources
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