Abstract
Until now, few studies have analyzed the effects of temperature on cardiovascular disease (CVD) death at different time points. In this study, we chose 9 different cities in the subtropical and tropical areas of China and analyzed the correlation between temperature at different time points and CVD mortality. We completed this study in two steps. First, we analyzed different time trend decomposition data related to CVD mortality in different populations within the 9 selected cities using empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Second, we created a regression fitting analysis of CVD mortality and temperatures at different time periods. The results showed that the CVD mortality of subtropical and tropical areas in southern Chinese cities represented spatial heterogeneity. The CVD mortality rates in Beihai, Hefei and Nanning showed rising trends, whereas the CVD mortality rates in Haikou, Guilin and Changde appeared to be decreasing. At the daily, seasonal and year time scales, low temperatures were negatively correlated with CVD mortality. Other than at the daily time scale, high temperatures did not significantly influence CVD mortality. This article will help to develop appropriate measures to reduce temperature-related mortality risk in different populations within the subtropical and tropical regions of China.
Highlights
Within the past century, global temperatures in most areas have presented a warming trend[1]
The results showed a spatial heterogeneity in the trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the subtropical and tropical regions of southern China, and the temperature-related effects on CVD death differed over various time periods
The results showed that high temperatures have a significant effect on CVD mortality at daytime scales, and the correlation was not statistically relevant at other time scales
Summary
Global temperatures in most areas have presented a warming trend[1]. It is very important to study temperature-related effects on Chinese CVD patients. Many studies regarding the influence of extreme temperatures on CVD deaths have focused on short-term effects and hysteresis[6,7]. Researches regarding the long-term effects of temperature on disease has been studied in suicide and coronary heart disease[14], ventricular arrhythmias[15], CV-related hospitalizations[16] and so on. The long-term effects of temperature on death due to CVD in China are still insufficient. This study targeted the long-term impacts of temperatures at different time point (moon, quarter, and year) on cardiovascular disease death in Chinese patients and sought to identify groups who are vulnerable to temperature-related effects
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