Abstract
Precipitation is one of the transportation components in hydrological cycle. The magnitude of precipitation swings with time and space. Majorly India receives precipitation in the form of rainfall. Precipitation plays a key role in the rainfed agriculture. The present study deals with the rainfall characteristics of Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu. Seasonal rainfall data from eighteen rain gauge stations (1971-2012) have been taken for analysis of seasonal and annual rainfall pattern of Tiruchirappalli district. Mean rainfall of the district is about 696 mm. The highest rainfall of 1247 mm recorded in the year 2005 and the lowest precipitation of 227 mm recorded in the year 1976. About 48 percent and 35 percent of the rainfall received in North East and South West Monsoon, respectively. Spatial rainfall distribution was studied with the help of Kriging interpolation technique and respective maps were prepared with Geographical Information System. The percentage departure of annual rainfall is classified under the category of excess, normal and large excess category. South East and central part of Tiruchirappalli receives moderate to low rainfall. North East parts of Tiruchirappalli district such as pullambadi, Lalgudi and nearby areas received maximum rainfall during North East Monsoon and South West Monsoon. In winter season Manapparai and Vaiyampatti region received more rainfall while in summer season Thottiam and Mayanur area received more rainfall. The two major highlighted crops in Trichy district are Banana and Onion. Tiruchirappalli district is one of the Banana growing belts in Tamil Nadu. Spatial distribution of rainfall maps will be helpful to form a crop plan for different crops to increase the agricultural productivity of Tiruchirappalli district and to ensure the food security.
Highlights
Precipitation is the important component in a Hydrologic cycle and Precipitation plays an impactful role in maintaining the sustainability of resources in the earth
Rainfall characteristics of Tiruchirappalli district were analyzed in the present study with the help of spatial and temporal data of Geographical information system (GIS)
Tiruchirappalli district secured with 48%, 35%, 14% and 3% of rainfall in the four seasons like North East Monsoon (NEM), South West Monsoon (SWM), summer and winter season respectively out of annual rainfall
Summary
Precipitation is the important component in a Hydrologic cycle and Precipitation plays an impactful role in maintaining the sustainability of resources in the earth. Analysis of the rainfall characteristics is important for planning of water harvesting structures and other conservation measures for ensuring sustainability. Rainfall is a pivotal agro-climatological factor in the seasonally parched region of the world and its assessment an important perquisite for agricultural management in India.[2] Many studies have been conducted in different parts of India to predict the rainfall variability.[3] The crop plan can be carried out through the weekly rainfall pattern to take the extension activities and it will help to increase the agricultural productivity.[4] The climate of Tamil Nadu is generally wet subtropical climate and features fairly hot temperature over the year except during the monsoon season. Contemporary studies have stated that each and every analysis of hydroclimatic elements should be done at the local scale rather than at a large or global scale
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