Spatial and Compositional Constraints on Non-ice Components and H 2O on Pluto's Surface

Abstract

We present four new near-infrared spectra of Pluto, measured separately from its satellite Charon during four HST/NICMOS observations in 1998, timed to sample four evenly spaced longitudes on Pluto. Being free of contamination by telluric absorptions or by Charon light, the new data are particularly valuable for studies of Pluto's continuum absorption. Previous studies of the major volatile species indicate the existence of at least three distinct terrains on Pluto's surface: N 2-rich, CH 4-rich, and volatile-depleted. The new data provide evidence that each of these three terrains has distinct near-infrared continuum absorption features. CH 4-rich regions appear to show reddish continuum absorption through the near-infrared spectral range. N 2-rich regions have very little continuum absorption. Visually dark, volatile-depleted regions exhibit intermediate continuum albedos with a bluish continuum slope. By analogy with Triton, we expected that careful spectral modeling would reveal strong evidence for the existence of H 2O ice on Pluto's surface, but we found only very weak evidence for its existence in the volatile-depleted regions. These data require H 2O ice to play a much less prominent role on Pluto's surface than it does on Triton's.