Spatial Analysis of the Growth of the Bengawan Solo Delta, Gresik Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia 1995-2023

Abstract

The objective of this research is to conduct a spatial analysis of the development of the Bengawan Solo River Delta, Gresik Regency, East Java Province from 1995 - 2023. This research method uses both re-mote sensing technology and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), such as supervised classification and overlay techniques, kappa accuracy, and direct field verification (ground check). The results of this research indicate that deltaic growth has occurred in the Bengawan Solo delta region. This is demonstrated by the increasing amount of land advancing towards the sea, also known as oloran land. Analysis was done from 1995 - 2000, 2000 - 2005, 2005 - 2010, 2010 - 2015, and 2015 - 2023 to find the development rate of this difference. Quite high growth occurred in the range of 1995 - 2000 which was an area of 472.33 ha. and in 2010 - 2015 which was an area of 423.48 ha. While the range of 2000 - 2005 is an area of 253.82 ha. and 2015 - 2020 which is an area of 259.94 ha experienced growth of no more than the growth in 1995 - 2000 and in 2010 - 2015. This area experienced land erosion from 2005 - 2010, with eroded soil spanning an area of -278.38 ha. Then it will grow once more from 2010 - 2023, totaling 517.63 hectares. The new land utilization of Delta Bengawan Solo is mostly grown from mangroves naturally and planting results (44%), some are used by the surrounding community for the expansion of land (33%), and some are still empty land (19%) as well as for other provision (1%).