Spatial Analysis of the CO Emission from Nineveh Governorate Using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS

Sabah H Ali,Mohamed A Najemaden

doi:10.24996/ijs.2021.62.11(si).30

Abstract

Carbon Monoxide (CO) has a significant indirect effect on greenhouse gasses due to its ozone and carbon dioxide precursor, and its mechanism of degradation involving the hydroxyl radical (OH) which control the oxidizing ability of the tropospheric. To understand the effect of human activities on atmospheric composition, accurate estimates of the sources of atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) are necessary. MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere) is a NASA Terra satellite instrument designed to allow both Thermal-Infra-Red (TIR) and Near-Infra-Red (NIR) observations to be used to collect vertical CO profiles in the Troposphere via the concept of correlation spectroscopy. The objective of the current study is to analyze and map the monthly, seasonal and annual trend of CO concentration for year 2016 in Nineveh governorate using the retrieved CO Surface Mixing Ratio Day mode of level 3, version 7 dataset. The dataset was downloaded from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) operated GIOVANNI portal. The results of dataset analysis in GIS software showed many sources of carbon monoxide in Nineveh Governorate, which change with months and seasons of the year. Generally, the observed CO concentration levels in the southern and western of the governorate were more than in the northern and eastern parts. The annually average CO ranges from (115.374 ppbv) to (132.452 ppbv). Also, CO emissions and concentrations were higher in winter (128.638-157.567 ppbv) than summer season (97.144-106.515 ppbv).

Highlights

Climate change is a direct result of human activities that release large amounts of greenhouse gasses into the Earth's atmosphere as a result of the industrial revolution and high growth rates in many developed and developing countries due to many uses that are harmful to the environment
For each carbon monoxide (CO) retrieval process, the MOPITT retrieval algorithm needs a dataset of temperature, water vapor profiles, and a priori surface temperature values which are derived from meteorological stations [8]
This study aims to evaluate the trend of CO concentration over Nineveh governorate using MOPITT dataset of the year 2016 (1st January - 31st December)

Summary

Introduction

Climate change is a direct result of human activities that release large amounts of greenhouse gasses (water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, Ozone and CFC) into the Earth's atmosphere as a result of the industrial revolution and high growth rates in many developed and developing countries due to many uses that are harmful to the environment. In IRAQ, open duping fires, terrorist attack on oil pipes and burning of associated petroleum gases in oil field productions represent a real challenge to control CO emissions as open dump firing happens every day in most parts of the country while attacks on oil pipe line happens on routinely bases [4]. MOPITT is a NASA Terra satellite instrument designed to allow collection of vertical CO profiles in the atmosphere using both thermal-infrared (TIR) and Near-infrared (NIR) observations [6, 7]. For each CO retrieval process, the MOPITT retrieval algorithm needs a dataset of temperature, water vapor profiles, and a priori surface temperature values which are derived from meteorological stations [8]

Data Access and Processing

Results and Discussion

Conclusions