Abstract
Abstract. In March 2017, the Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY Province) has poverty line of IDR 374,009, percentage of poor people (13.03%) and Gini index (0.432) above the national average (IDR 374,478; 10.64%; 0.393). The result of happiness index in 2017 shows the position of DIY Province (72.93%) is above average of national happiness index (70.69%). Scatterplot between happiness index and percentage of poor people in Indonesia in 2017 shows that DIY Province is on first quadrant. This marks the high level of happiness along with high percentage of poor people. Small area estimation method developed by Elbers et al (known as ELL method) is used to determine spatial characteristics of poverty and happiness profiles in DIY Province. This study used village census data (Podes) 2018; Susenas March 2017 and SPTK 2017 as survey data. There are twenty three household variables and another five variables that are significant to poverty and happiness models at urban and rural provincial level. Rural regency areas dominates high poverty profile (FGT0 0.0491 – 0.1076), low happiness profile (FTG0 0.0087 – 0.0124), and inequality of happiness profile (Gini index 0.0847 – 0.0923). Urban regency areas dominates low poverty profile (FTG0 0.0082 – 0.0491), high happiness profile (FTG0 0 – 0.0087), and perfect equality of both income (Gini index 0.3048 – 0.3604) and happiness profiles (Gini index 0.0624 – 0.0847). Yogyakarta City has happiest and wealthies profiles, whereas Gunung Kidul regency urban area has perfect equality of both income and happiness profiles.
Highlights
Poverty profile (BPS, 2018a; 2018b) and happiness index (BPS, 2017) published by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) presents the image regarding the poverty and happiness levels in each Province of rural and urban areas in Indonesia
In March 2017, Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) Province has poverty line (IDR 374,009), percentage of poor people (13.02%) and Gini index (0.432) above the national average (IDR 374,478; 10.64%; 0.393)
In 2017, the results of happiness index show the position of DIY Province (72.93%) is above the national average of happiness index (70.69%)
Summary
Poverty profile (BPS, 2018a; 2018b) and happiness index (BPS, 2017) published by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) presents the image regarding the poverty and happiness levels in each Province of rural and urban areas in Indonesia. Poverty mapping uses census and survey data as the primary source Both are published periodically in a specific time. World Bank applies poverty mapping method using a combination of excellence from census and household survey data to achieve poverty map in the smallest geographic area by both data sources This method is known as Small Area Estimation (SAE) which is developed by Elbers et al (2003), which is knows as ELL method. Elbers et al (2003) uses the excellence of census and survey data to create a consumption equation model This model is aimed to estimate the poverty with a wide scope of area and information which can be held by responsible statistically. These maps will be used for spatial analysis and spatial modelling
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