Abstract
The analysis of linear structures on major geological formations plays a crucial role in resource exploration in the Inner Niger Delta. Highlighting and mapping of the large lithological units were carried out using image fusion, spectral bands (RGB coding), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and band ratio methods. The automatic extraction method of linear structures has permitted the obtaining of a structural map with 82,659 linear structures, distributed on different stratigraphic stages. The intensity study shows an accentuation in density over 12.52% of the total area, containing 22.02% of the linear structures. The density and nodes (intersections of fractures) formed by the linear structures on the different lithologies allowed to observe the behavior of the region’s aquifers in the exploration of subsoil resources. The central density, in relation to the hydrographic network of the lowlands, shows the conditioning of the flow and retention of groundwater in the region, and in-depth fluids. The node areas and high-density linear structures, have shown an ability to have rejections in deep (pores) that favor the formation of structural traps for oil resources.
Highlights
Knowledge of the geological nature of a given region, and its natural fracture networks, greatly affect the possibilities in analyzing and resolving many current problems, such as the exploration of subsoil resources and the rehabilitation of aquifers [1]
Remote sensing is used for the visualization of linear structures and the lithologies of different zones
Observation of the tones, textures, and arrangement of the various thematic objects contained in the image revealed the geological formations, as compared with pre-existing geological data of the area of interest
Summary
Knowledge of the geological nature of a given region, and its natural fracture networks, greatly affect the possibilities in analyzing and resolving many current problems, such as the exploration of subsoil resources and the rehabilitation of aquifers [1]. Remote sensing is used in the exploration of underground resources as a prerequisite for various studies, such as geological studies and geophysical studies (gravimetric, magnetometric, seismic, reflection, and refraction) [2,3]. It is, the research of geological structures in relief, because current technologies do not directly detect subsoil resources. The research of geological structures in relief, because current technologies do not directly detect subsoil resources By knowing these different aspects, the study of linear structures has become indispensable in resource exploration. This facilitates the development and production of linear Structures maps and landfill maps, which are classified according to different lithologies
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