Abstract
OBJECTIVES: to analyze the spatial distribution of reported cases of pregnant women infected by the human immunodeficiency virus and to identify the urban areas with greater social vulnerability to the infection among pregnant women. METHOD: ecological study, developed by means of spatial analysis techniques of area data. Secondary data were used from the Brazilian National Disease Notification System for the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Birth data were obtained from the Brazilian Information System on Live Births and socioeconomic data from the 2010 Demographic Census. RESULTS: the presence of spatial self-correlation was verified. Moran's Index was significant for the distribution. Clusters were identified, considered as high-risk areas, located in grouped neighborhoods, with equally high infection rates among pregnant women. A neighborhood located in the Northwest of the city was distinguished, considered in an epidemiological transition phase. CONCLUSION: precarious living conditions, as evidenced by the indicators illiteracy, absence of prenatal care and poverty, were relevant for the risk of vertical HIV transmission, converging to the grouping of cases among disadvantaged regions.
Highlights
Between 2001 and 2011, the mean Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) detection rate in pregnant women living in Recife corresponded to 3.55 cases/1,000 live births
Spatial dependence was identified in the geographic distribution of the HIV detection rate in pregnant women, reflecting the spatial self-correlation of the vertical transmission
This indicates a high probability of similar illness in adjacent areas, according to their relative position in space, where the living conditions and infection rates in neighboring areas influence the occurrence of HIV in a certain neighborhood
Summary
To analyze the spatial distribution of reported cases of pregnant women infected by the human immunodeficiency virus and to identify the urban areas with greater social vulnerability to the infection among pregnant women
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