Abstract
This study is based on evaluation of various factors that cause road accidents in Lagos Metropolis. Fourteen (14) factors/drivers were identified which tend to influence an occurrence of accident on Lagos roads. In order to study the pattern of accidents in the Metropolis, several different spatial and non-spatial datasets were collected, processed and analysed. Weighted Severity Index (WSI) was created based on these factors/drivers. Also, Density-based Clustering for Traffic Accident Risk (DBCTAR) was carried out to assist in ascertaining the distribution of Black Spots Severity (BSS). Results obtained include: shortestpath analysis, service area analysis, accident spot severity and vulnerability level across the Metropolis based on the Weighted Severity Index (WSI). The study reveals that, accidents are not always caused as a result of bad roads but by the smoothness of roads such as expressway with accident spots distance band of 300m-500m and 3.6% of the accidents is as a result of pedestrians avoiding the use of pedestrian bridges/aid even when they are available. Key Words : Accident Spots, Weighted Severity Index (WSI), Vulnerability, Pedestrians, Transportation.
Highlights
A road accident refers to any accident involving at least one road vehicle, occurring on a road open to public circulation, and in which at least one person is injured or killed (National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, saved 2017)
In Nigeria, there are several agencies saddled with the responsibility of traffic law enforcement, such as: The Nigeria Police Force (NPF)-Traffic Unit, Federal Road Safety Agency (FRSC), the Lagos State Traffic Management Authority (LASTMA), the Vehicle Inspection Officer (VIO), among several others
Most of the accident occurs at the Metropolitan Areas of the State than outskirts. This can be attributed to high developmental activities, high population coupled with incessant hurriedness, over speeding, impatience, intolerance and reckless driving
Summary
The causes of road traffic accidents are multi-factorial These factors can be divided broadly into three (3) major factors, they literally include: Driver, Vehicle and Roadway factors. According to Eze (2013), accidents can be caused by a combination of these factors He analysed that driver factors solely contribute to about 57% of road traffic accidents and 43% either alone or in combination with other factors. In Nigeria, there are several agencies saddled with the responsibility of traffic law enforcement, such as: The Nigeria Police Force (NPF)-Traffic Unit, Federal Road Safety Agency (FRSC), the Lagos State Traffic Management Authority (LASTMA), the Vehicle Inspection Officer (VIO), among several others. Geospatial Information Systems (GIS) as a tool can be used to map accident location/spot patterns, analyse accident data, evaluate accident data in relation to certain infrastructure parameter such as the number of accident spots in a built-up area or the numbers of accidents per period (e.g. per day) and black spots priority value criterion (Steenberghen et al, 2004; Geurts and Wets 2003)
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