SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND TENDENCIES OF THE INCIDENCE OF HEART DISEASES OF THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Since September 29, 2000 the International day of heart has been celebrated on the initiative of the World Federation of heart. Its main task is to attract the attention of the people of the planet to the problems of circulatory system diseases as the ones which have the highest incidence rates and mortality. The aim of the paper was to make a spatial analysis and to find out the morbidity tendencies of heart diseases among the population of Ukraine. The incidence structure of Ukraine’s population was identified. The dynamics of circulatory system morbidity in the years of 2009–2017 in Ukraine was analyzed. It has been established that heart disease incidence has tended to decrease. The administration regions of Ukraine were grouped according to the incidence rate of heart diseases among the population. The attention is paid to hypertension and myocardial infarction as they are the most common among the diseases of circulatory system. The decrease in the incidence rate by 1.6 and 1.1 times was recorded, respectively. In Ukraine the mortality dynamics from the diseases of circulatory system was analyzed for the years of 2009–2020. Cardiovascular diseases are the leaders in mortality of the population. The analysis of the mortality dynamics from the diseases of circulatory system proved the tendency towards its increase. The analysis of the statistical and cartographical data made it possible to single out two groups of the factors which predetermine the morbidity of circulatory system diseases among the population of Ukraine: physical-geographical and social-economic. The physical-geographical factors of the diseases of circulatory system (abnormallly high air temperatures in summer, a great number of days with heat stress, abrupt changes of atmospheric pressure) determine the highest incidence rates in southern (Odesa, Mykolayiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv regions) and western (Zakarpattia, Ternopil, Ivano-Frankivsk, Khmelnytsk regions) areas of Ukraine. It has been stated that physical-geographical conditions of the territory, namely the location of the regions with high incidence rates near large mineral deposits, determine the next group of the factors of circulatory system diseases. The group includes a large number of industrial enterprises, situated in the vicinity of the mining area, sedentary work and the age of the population. A correlation analysis pointed out to the availability of a multi-leveled connection between people’s morbidity and its age structure. An average level of the correlation between cardiovascular diseases and the population over 65 (years old) was established. A cluster analysis was made by means of which the typification of the regions based on medical indicators was carried out.