Abstract
Parks are an important component of the green infrastructure in cities. They provide multiple benefits for residents’ life. Due to the uneven spatial distribution of parks, it is necessary to evaluate the spatial disparity about residents’ access to parks. The two-step floating catchment area method is suitable for measuring the accessibility of urban parks. However, few studies have noticed the representative of entrances of parks, especially adding them into the process of accessibility measurements. The floating catchment area is often determined by road speed and empirical travel time. In this article, the impact of multi-entrances of the park will be considered and real-time travel time is used in calculating accessibility. In a case of multi-entrance parks in Beijing, the average travel time of the sub-district is calculated, and with the support of the modified method, the spatial accessibilities of car driving, public transport and car-public transport mixed travel modes are obtained. The results show that the time–space compression effect of car driving is more obvious and the mixed travel mode presents the advantage of high accessibility index. This study has a theoretical and practical value for urban planning, such as advising urban planners on the siting of green park space.
Highlights
As an important element of urban green infrastructure, parks play a vital role in the construction of environmentally sustainable cities [1]
The travel time via car and public transport is collected from Baidu map application programming interface (API) under the support of a digital map and dynamic road conditions
It should be noted that OD pairs without public transport travel route is excluded
Summary
As an important element of urban green infrastructure, parks play a vital role in the construction of environmentally sustainable cities [1] They are the link between human beings and the natural environment in urbanized areas, providing the urban residents with material, spiritual, economic and social benefits [2,3,4]. They are the most natural learning places for residents, especially teenagers They offer social and economic benefits through enhancing the economic vitality of the areas around them [13]. Considering these benefits, city managers and planners have stressed the necessity for adequate urban public green space [14]. It can measure the ability of residents to access public parks and further reflect the rationality and fairness of the allocation of urban parks [20,21]
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