Abstract
The influence of impulse shape, gap spacing and of humidity on the sparkover voltage of sphere gaps consisting of 25 cm diameter spheres has been studied for both polarities under standard waveshapes of 1.2/50 /spl mu/s and 250/2500 /spl mu/s. Results are compared with the values proposed by the IEC standard and an attempt to explain the breakdown mechanism and especially how it is influenced both by humidity and the waveshape has been made. Further suggestions are given concerning their use as calibrating gaps, especially under switching impulses. Also, under certain conditions, the inclusion in the calibrating gaps of 15 cm gaps is proposed.
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