Spanish economy through the prism of complex systems theory. Experience of conceptual modeling

Abstract

The crisis shocks of recent decades (first of all, the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the coronacrisis of 2020) created a spiral of restraining Spain's economic growth, exacerbated internal socio-political contradictions and weakened Madrid's international position. It was the "ragged" rhythm of economic development that emphasized the relevance of the task of "rebooting" the economic policy of the Spanish state, adopting a new growth model. The formation of such a model, which responds to modern geo-economic challenges, has taken a dominant place in the agenda of the current Spanish government, focused on reforming the economy in order to modernize it and adapt it to rapidly changing national, European and global realities. The main problem is that it is necessary to reform a complex and contradictory system, which is the modern Spanish economy. In practice, this means simultaneously solving a wide variety of problems and requires taking into account a wide range of heterogeneous factors interacting with each other and with the external environment. The task is complicated by the fact that the reform process is taking place in an atmosphere of acute internal political struggle, intensifying in connection with the general elections scheduled for 2023.