Abstract
The IIEF-5 questionnaire is a validated scale used as a diagnostic tool in erectile dysfunction (ED). This simplified version includes five items that focus on erectile function and satisfaction during sexual intercourse; it has favourable properties for detecting the presence and severity of erectile dysfunction The main objective of this study was to make a cross-cultural adaptation to Spanish of the IIEF-5 scale and to evaluate its psychometric properties of validity, reliability, and feasibility in the Spanish population. Validation of the IIEF-5 included: (i) professional translation of the scale; (ii) scientific evaluation of the translation; (iii) professional retranslation; (iv) assessment of 10 individuals to test correct comprehension and idiomatic adequacy; (v) validation of the IIEF-5 by an online survey. The study sample consisted of 100 participants, who received the online form either directly or through other participants who distributed it. Participants obtained a mean score of 22.3 (SD 2.7), implying normal erectile function. However, 23 results of mild dysfunction (n = 23) and 2 of mild to moderate dysfunction (5.1%) were identified. A Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.75 was obtained for the total of the final questionnaire, indicating high reliability. Validity analysis had a value of 0.784 (>0.5) and was therefore considered appropriate. The IIEF-5 scale is a reliable tool to test ED, and its Spanish version is satisfactorily understood by patients.
Highlights
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to achieve and/or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance [1]
It may occur secondary to pelvic floor muscle dysfunction as erectile strength may be directly affected by reduced tone and alterations in the contractile patterns of this musculature [4]
A total of 10 subjects participated in the pilot phase, all of them undergraduate students of the Physiotherapy degree at the University of Seville, who agreed to voluntarily participate in order to identify possible difficulties in understanding the Spanish version
Summary
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to achieve and/or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance [1]. The variability of prevalence is very wide, ranging from 10 to 52% in men between 40 and 70 years of age [2]. It may occur secondary to pelvic floor muscle dysfunction (lack of pelvic floor muscle control, reduced activation or strength) as erectile strength may be directly affected by reduced tone and alterations in the contractile patterns of this musculature [4]. Most men with ED have suffered from a significant decrease in their quality of life and may experience fear, anxiety, confusion, embarrassment, and self-doubt, which can have a significant impact on social interaction, leading to personal isolation [5]. It is of great importance to approach these patients from a biopsychosocial point of view, in which the different degrees of affectation of the patients’ quality of life are assessed by means of specific and validated questionnaires, and the presence or absence of the different symptoms they may suffer due to ED
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