Abstract
The rapid development of high-speed train and Metro communications has provided new challenges for the application of MIMO technologies. Therefore, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model using leaky coaxial cable (LCX) in a rectangular tunnel. The channel model is based on geometry-based single-bounce (GBSB) channel model and the electric field distribution of LCX in the tunnel environment. The theoretical expressions of channel impulse response (CIR) and space-time correlation function (CF) are also derived and analyzed. The CFs for different model parameters (moving velocity and moving time) and different regions of the tunnel are simulated by Monte Carlo method to verify the theoretical derivation at 1.8 GHz. In the same parametric configuration of nonstationary tunnel scenarios, the time delay of the first minimum value of CFs for LCX-MIMO is 1/5 of the time delay of the minimum value of CFs for dipole antennas MIMO when the train moving velocity is 360 km/h. It is shown that, for MIMO system, the performance of using LCXs is better than using dipole antennas.
Highlights
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has been widely used in many scenarios. e nonstationary scenarios of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technologies for high-speed train and Metro communications have drawn attention
In [12], this paper proposed a 3D wideband nonstationary multimobility model for vehicle-tovehicle MIMO channels and derived the channel impulse response (CIR) and correlation functions (CFs); the authors discussed the CFs for different time separations and different times which increased with the increase of time separation and time by simulation
We propose a 3D nonstationary leaky coaxial cable (LCX)-MIMO channel model in rectangular tunnel environments. e main contributions and novelties of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) this paper develops a 3D nonstationary LCX-MIMO channel model, and the channel impulse response (CIR) and spatial correlation function (CF) are theoretically derived. e proposed model is verified by comparing the spatial CF theory with simulation; (2) this model considers the influence of the receiver’s mobility on the propagation characteristic of LCX-MIMO system, in terms of the moving velocity and moving time. e influence of the different positions where the receiver is located in the tunnel on the propagation characteristics is analyzed; (3) the CFs of LCX-MIMO and dipoles MIMO are compared with different moving velocities for different time delays
Summary
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has been widely used in many scenarios. e nonstationary scenarios of MIMO technologies for high-speed train and Metro communications have drawn attention. E nonstationary scenarios investigated include the high altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) MIMO air-to-ground communications [7, 8], the vehicle-tovehicle communications in tunnel [9, 10] and other scattering environments [11, 12], the base-station-to-vehicle communications in tunnel [5] and other scattering environments [1, 2], and so on In these scenarios, the influences of different moving velocities, moving times, moving directions, and moving trajectories on spatial cross-correlation and autocorrelation are analyzed [6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. In [9], the authors studied a nonstationary geometrybased channel model for MIMO vehicle-to-vehicle communications in tunnel environments and derived the theoretical expressions of channel impulse response and spatial
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