Spacecraft Autonomy: Intelligent software to increase crew, spacecraft and robotics autonomy

Abstract

[Abstract] In space exploration, intelligent software, having state-determination, decision-making and execution capabilities, has long been the domain of unmanned spacecraft and planetary rovers. However, the functionality offered by intelligent software is applicable to many areas of space exploration. As NASA embarks on an ambitious expansion of human presence in the solar system, while expanding operations on board the International Space Station, the broader need for intelligent software becomes more apparent. In this paper, we briefly describe ongoing work on developing intelligent software capabilities in support of NASA’s exploration goals. We describe the core capabilities being developed and the planned applications in mission operations, in on-board crew support, in spacecraft operations and in Lunar robotic operations. I.Introduction NASA’s vision for Space Exploration calls for an unprecedented push for long-term human space exploration that will culminate in extensive human exploration of the Moon and later Mars. Implementing this vision in a sustainable manner requires extensive use of adaptable automation. In this paper, we discuss key work that is ongoing in the development of automation and intelligent software. This effort, a collaboration between four NASA centers and a number of subcontractors, will impact future exploration operations in four key areas: ∞ Mission Operations: The ground support, both in terms of humans and systems, for managing spacecraft operations. ∞ Crew Autonomy: The ability of a crew to manage their own spacecraft, both in nominal operations and in response to off-nominal events. ∞ Spacecraft Autonomy: The technology needed to enable spacecraft to operate with less intervention from ground.