Abstract
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of timbó seed coat on the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds. Timbó seeds were collected from mature fruits in the Cerrado. The external layer of the seed coat was removed and crushed in a mill and used in the treatment of soybean seeds. Three lots of soybean seeds were used, from high, medium and low vigor seeds. The treatments were: powder; gel; hydroalcoholic extract; synthetic fungicide (Vitavax® - Thiram 200 sc), and untreated seeds. The physiological quality of the soybean seeds was determined by standard germination, accelerated aging, length, fresh and dry mass of seedlings. Blotter test was used to determine the sanitary quality. The statistical analyze used was a completely randomized 3 × 5 factorial design, considering three seed lots and five treatments. Treatment with the coat seed extract and gel improves the physiological quality of soybean seeds from low vigor lots. The treatment of seeds with gel decreases the incidence of Fusarium and Penicillium genus; and treatment with the powder reduced the incidence of the Cercospora genus.
Highlights
IntroductionTo enable plants with vigorous growth and obtain a better use of the productive potential of the plants, treatment of seeds with fungicides is a recommended practice
Crop success depends of several factors and the most important is the use of high quality seeds, as it generates plants of high vigor and a superior performance in the field (FRANÇA NETO et al, 2016).To enable plants with vigorous growth and obtain a better use of the productive potential of the plants, treatment of seeds with fungicides is a recommended practice
As there was no effect of treatments or interaction, it is possible to infer that the use of timbó seed coat to treat soybean seeds does not present negatively effect on the percentage of germinated seeds
Summary
To enable plants with vigorous growth and obtain a better use of the productive potential of the plants, treatment of seeds with fungicides is a recommended practice. Seed treatment is usually carried out by synthetic fungicides with different active ingredients; new molecules are constantly studied, including those from natural sources, such as plant extracts and essential oils (DOMENE et al, 2016). DUKE et al (2010) highlight that natural products have advantages in order to improve physiological seed quality, cause less environmental impact when compared to synthetic agrochemicals, and can reveal molecules with potential to be used in synthesis of new commercial antifungals A series of molecules with antifungal activity against different strains of fungi have been detected in plants; these molecules can be used directly or considered as precursors for the development of better molecules (ARIF et al, 2009). DUKE et al (2010) highlight that natural products have advantages in order to improve physiological seed quality, cause less environmental impact when compared to synthetic agrochemicals, and can reveal molecules with potential to be used in synthesis of new commercial antifungals
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