Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the grain yield of soybean and corn cultivars cropped in succession, in different sowing dates. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Dourados, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, during three growing seasons, in the sowing dates: 9/15, 10/1, 10/15, and 11/1 for soybean; and 2/1, 2/15, 3/1, and 3/15 for corn. Although soybean yields are strongly affected by the crop season, sowing between late September and early October results in higher long-term yields. Planting corn in succession in mid-February provides the highest grain yield in the southern region of the state Mato Grosso do Sul; therefore, there is no need for an early soybean sowing in September, in order to ensure corn planting in January. Soybean-corn succession in which soybean is sown in early October and corn in mid-February results in higher total grain yields and reduces the climatic risk associated with these crops in the region.
Highlights
Since the 1990s, soybean-corn succession has become the main agricultural production system in Brazil, in the states of Mato Grosso, Paraná, Goiás, and Mato Grosso do Sul
According to the analysis of variance (Anova) (Table 2), the effects of seeding date, cultivar, and their interaction on crop yields varied with harvest
The entire 2015/2016 crop season was characterized by above-average monthly rainfall, which resulted in a relatively high incidence of grain rot
Summary
Since the 1990s, soybean-corn succession has become the main agricultural production system in Brazil, in the states of Mato Grosso, Paraná, Goiás, and Mato Grosso do Sul. The crop is harvested in January, and yields are satisfactory This scheme is very practical when corn succession is planned because the crop can grow in a season with relatively high rainfall and low risk of frost in regions prone to it. In this way, the adverse effects of climate are reduced and the productive potential increases (Braccini et al, 2010; Souza et al, 2015). This scenario differs significantly from that of fixed-growth soybean genotypes, which have longer life cycles and must be sown during the last ten days of October
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