Abstract
The emission of gases from the fleet of vehicles is one of the main sources of the environmental impact of the planet. Reversing this scenario, environmental awareness and a search for alternative sources of energy has been growing exponentially in recent years. In this context, the production of biofuels presents itself as an alternative for the lowest environmental impact, energy, and economy, with emphasis on biodiesel. The scale of production of this biofuel, the options related to the raw materials and their conditions are intertwined with the energy and exergetic efficiencies of the process. Therefore, no work was constructed as an analysis of the biodiesel production processes of soybeans and babassu, in which they were conducted on a laboratory scale. According to the results, the production of soybean biodiesel arose in exergetic efficiency of 73.25% and the production of biodiesel from babassu of 74.72%. Keywords: Biodiesel, Babassu oil, Soybean oil, Exergy, Transesterification.
Highlights
Today, growing demand for energy is one of the biggest problems facing nations
To calculate the chemical exergy of the oils and biodiesels, it was necessary to quantify the percentages of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen by elemental analysis and to determine Higher Heating Value (HHV) and the Lower Heating Value (LHV)
The soybean and babassu biodiesels were produced by transesterification reactions in a batch reactor, on a laboratory scale
Summary
Today, growing demand for energy is one of the biggest problems facing nations. Environmental impact, high oil prices and accelerated development of emerging countries are contributing factors to concerns related to the greater world energy need [1], which still today come mainly from non-renewable sources such as oil, natural gas, and coal. Among the alternatives found to solve this problem, we highlight the research related to biofuels, taking as an example, biodiesel [3]. This fuel has advantages when compared to petrodiesel, as derived from renewable sources, biodegradable, non-toxic, possessing significant lubricity and practically free of sulfur and aromatics [4]. In this way, the use of biomass for energy production reduces the emission of Greenhouse gases and promotes sustainable development based on the decrease in the use of fossil fuels [5]
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