Abstract
Soybean is rich in protein and is one of the main sources of vegetable protein which essential in enhancing public nutrition. Climate change is the main trigger of the occurance of extreme weather events makes plants become more vulnerable to drought. Drought stress significantly affect the decline in soybean production, especially when it occurs during the reproductive phase. This research aimed to identify the response of soybean to water stress as a reference for determining the adaptive and tolerant varieties. The research was arranged in split-split plot design, with main plot was varieties (Dering and Argomulyo), the development phase (vegetative and generative phases) as the subplot, and water stress in the form of irrigation intervals (2, 5, and 10 days) as the sub-sub plots. The results showed that water stress during the vegetative phase has not statistically significant effect on soybean production. Soybean crop adapted to water stress by reducing the number of leaves, the leaf area, stomatal openings, as well as doing motion response by folding leaves. This crop adaptation mechanisms affecting the formation of dry matter quantity, seeds yield, water use efficiency, and radiation use efficiency
Highlights
Soybean is one of the main food commodities after rice and corn that rich in protein and has diverse uses, especially as food and industrial raw materials as well as for the livestock feed industry (Zakaria, 2010)
The content of vegetable protein in soybean is essential for improving public nutrition
Besides safety relatively cheaper compared to animal protein, the soybean demand continues to increase in line with population growth
Summary
Soybean is one of the main food commodities after rice and corn that rich in protein and has diverse uses, especially as food and industrial raw materials as well as for the livestock feed industry (Zakaria, 2010). The rapid population growth becomes a major concern, since it increases the food demand, especially soybean while the agricultural productivity decrease due to the climate change. Drought stress during the reproductive phase causes the soybean production decreases more than 40%. Soybean plantation in Indonesian is largely (65%) in the rice fields during the dry season In this condition, the cultivation of soybean is often faced the risk of drought. The variables observed in order to identify the adaptation responses to water stress are the number of leaves, the leaf area, the stomatal openings, the total dry matter, the seed yield, water use efficiency and radiation use efficiency. Water loss caused by transpiration very influenced by canopy cover stated in the leaf area index (LAI).
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