Abstract
To prepare a low-formaldehyde soy-based adhesive with good water resistance, phenol-formaldehyde modified with glutaraldehyde (PFG) with lower free phenol and free formaldehyde contents was used to cross-link the soy-based adhesive. The results showed that the mechanical properties and water resistance of plywood prepared with soy-based adhesive with PFG was better than that of plywood with the same amount of phenol-formaldehyde (PF). The reaction between phenol and glutaraldehyde was proved by 13C-NMR. Under the optimized preparation conditions for plywood, that is to say, press temperature 160 °C, press time 4 min and resin loading 320 g·m−2, type I plywood could be prepared with 9% PFG as a cross-linker of soy-based adhesive. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) result confirmed the cross-linking reaction between soy-based adhesive and PFG or PF. The activation energy of soy-based adhesive with cross-linker PFG was higher than that with PF resin.
Highlights
With the mounting needs for environment-friendly adhesives in the wood industry, the development of bio-based adhesives has become an important practice
The PF resin control with molar ratio F:P = 1.8 was prepared as follows: 94 parts by mass phenol and 146 parts formaldehyde 37% were put into a 500-mL flat-bottom flask, which was equipped with a condenser, thermometer and mechanical stirrer
The Performance of Soy-Based Adhesive Cross-Linked by PF and phenol-formaldehyde modified with glutaraldehyde (PFG)
Summary
With the mounting needs for environment-friendly adhesives in the wood industry, the development of bio-based adhesives has become an important practice. The main bio-materials used in the preparation of bio-based adhesives include starch, soy flour, tannin, lignin, and so on. There is a long history of using soy flour with high protein content to prepare soy-based adhesive, soy-based adhesive had once been pushed out of the wood industry for its poor water resistance. Some cross-linkers used for this modification include melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin [5,6,7], epichlorohydrin [8], 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol [9], aldehyde and its derivatives [10], and so on. Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin, a widely-used exterior wood adhesive, can be used as a cross-linker for soy-based adhesive [11]. Projectand (2016)20)Pillar and Introduction of Guizhou University Research GrantsResearch Project
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