Abstract
This study was designed to examine the association of soy isoflavones (SI) intake with different body measurements indicative of obesity in Chinese adults of Shanghai, a population consuming foods rich in SI. This study used baseline data from the Shanghai Gaofeng cohort study. SI intake was measured by using a self-reported food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to examine the possible nonlinear relationship of SI intake with obesity. A logistic regression model was applied to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared with the lowest tertile group of SI intake, the highest tertile group had a lower prevalence of obesity and central obesity. The OR for overall obesity was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.98) in the highest versus the lowest SI tertile group; the associations differed by sex and menopausal status. A negative association was also observed between SI intake and central obesity, and a significant modifying effect of sex was found on the association. No significant interactions were observed between SI intake and physical activity (PA) levels. Our results suggest that Chinese adults with higher dietary intake of SI may be less likely to be obese, particularly for postmenopausal women.
Highlights
Obesity resulted from energy imbalance is a critical risk factor for most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including some cancers [1,2,3]
The obesityrelated comorbidities are complicated in etiology, a small decrease in weight or waist circumference (WC) has been associated with a significantly lower risk of obesity-related diseases [7]
There was a significant negative association of soy isoflavones (SI) intake with central obesity in women (OR: 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 0.99), in postmenopausal women (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.99)
Summary
Obesity resulted from energy imbalance is a critical risk factor for most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including some cancers [1,2,3]. The prevalence of obesity has been increasing globally [4]. It is estimated that about 800 million people worldwide are currently obese, which is expected result in more than USD 1 trillion of obesity-related medical costs by 2025 [5]. In Chinese adults, the prevalence of overweightness is 34.3% and the prevalence of obesity is 16.4%, and these percentages continue to increase [6]. The obesityrelated comorbidities are complicated in etiology, a small decrease in weight or waist circumference (WC) has been associated with a significantly lower risk of obesity-related diseases [7]. Many researchers have attempted to examine the effects of increased physical activity (PA) and different nutritional strategies for weight management
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