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Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes lung cancer progression and metastasis, especially in lung adenocarcinoma. Sex determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) is known to stimulate the progression of various cancers. Here, we used immunohistochemical analysis to reveal that SOX5 levels were increased in 90 lung adenocarcinoma patients. The high SOX5 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and non-tumor counterparts correlated with the patients’ poor prognosis. Inhibiting SOX5 expression attenuated metastasis and progression in lung cancer cells, while over-expressing SOX5 accelerated lung adenocarcinoma progression and metastasis via EMT. An in vivo zebrafish xenograft cancer model also showed SOX5 knockdown was followed by reduced lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Our results indicate SOX5 promotes lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenicity and can be a novel diagnosis and prognosis marker of the disease.
Highlights
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with the most common pathologic type being lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) [1, 2]
Western blot showed that Sex determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) is over-expressed in tumor tissues, whereas it was weakly expressed in respective non-tumor controls (Figure 1A)
SOX5 is a member of the sex-determining region Y-related high mobility group box (SOX) transcription factor family, which consists of at least 20 highly conserved transcription factors in humans [24]
Summary
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with the most common pathologic type being lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) [1, 2]. The high SOX5 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and non-tumor counterparts correlated with the patients’ poor prognosis. An in vivo zebrafish xenograft cancer model showed SOX5 knockdown was followed by reduced lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. SOX5 is over-expressed in LAC cells and tissues
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