Sowing density and clipping management: effects on the architecture and yield of dual-purpose wheat

Francielen Lima Da Silva,Ivan Ricardo Carvalho,Velci Queiróz De Souza,Natã Balssan Moura,Danieli Jacoboski Hutra,Giordano Gelain Conte,Maurício Horbach Barbosa

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-48207

Abstract

The dual-purpose wheat stands out as a complementary alternative for forage supply during the winter period. Therefore, this work had the objective of evaluate the performance characteristics in five genotypes of dual-purpose wheat submitted to different sowing densities and different clipping managements. The experiment was carried out during the 2016 and 2017 harvests. The experimental design was a randomized block design, organized in a factorial scheme, with five dual-purpose wheat genotypes (BRS Tarumã, BRS Umbu, BRS Figueira, BRS Guatambu and BRS 277) x five sowing densities (75, 150, 225, 300 and 375 seeds m²) x four clipping operations (zero, one, two and three clippings), arranged in three replicates. The measuring of characters were number of fertile tillers, seeds yield, angle of flag leaf, chlorophyll content and flowering. The genotype BRS Tarumâ is superior in number of fertile tillers and chlorophyll index for all the sowing densities, as well, the flowering is influenced direct by clipping managements. The sowing density of 75 seeds m-2 is not indicated for dual-purpose wheat independent of the clipping management. The seeds yield is amplified thought the increase in sowing density, however, advancing in clipping levels there is a decrease in forage yield.

Highlights

The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop is among the most produced cereals worldwide
The number of fertile tillers (NT) was expressed for five studied genotypes (Figure 1a, Table 1), the genotypes BRS Tarumã and BRS Figueira were responsible for the greatest magnitude of this character when plants were grown in the evaluated density, with the exception of the BRS Figueira genotype at the density of 150 seeds m-2
For the chlorophyll index (CI) variable, the BRS Umbu genotype showed higher magnitudes for the densities 75, 150, 225 and 300 seeds m-2 (Figure 1b, Table 1), in contrast, in the density of 375 seeds m-2 the BRS Tarumã genotype proved superior to the others

Summary

Introduction

The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop is among the most produced cereals worldwide. Some genotypes may exhibit dual-purpose, the capacity to produce forage and grains in quantities that are sufficiently economical and simultaneous during its cultivation (Koch et al, 2017). The tolerance to clipping managements, as well as high tillering ability propitiated the dualpurpose to certain genotypes of wheat Providing it as an alternative for forage source to remedy problems arising the lack of fodder during the period between the fall and early winter, since the early seeding can benefit the production chain of dairy and beef (MEINERZ, 2012). In these cases, the establishment of dual-purpose crops allow the farmer to postpone his decision or reconcile the production of grain and forage production (CARVALHO et al, 2017; HASTENPFLUG, 2009). Wheat cultivars with dual-purpose characteristics can contribute to the intensification of the use of agricultural areas in the winter, allowing the supplying of forage, production of straw for no-till sowing system and reduce dependence of Brazil on importing wheat

Methods

Results

Conclusion