Abstract

The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and the ensuing Gulf crisis overshadowed all other Middle Eastern events of 1990, for Soviet foreign policymakers as well as for the rest of the world. Soviet foreign policy under Gorbachev was based on the precepts of "new political thinking," relevant to the ME primarily because of its view of regional conflict. Relations were developed in a variety of areas, including the exchange of consular missions staffed by political officers; cultural, academic, and sports exchanges; commercial talks, tourism, and even visits to the Soviet Union by ministers of the Government of Israel. The change in Soviet thinking on regional conflict in general and on the Arab-Israeli conflict in particular clearly affected the Soviet-PLO relationship as well. There was little reason to believe that the Soviet leadership was absolutely bound to the regional security proposals over and above any other set of options for resolving the ME conflict. .

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