Soviet and Post-Soviet Planning in Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstract

■ Through the case study of Soviet and post-Soviet Almaty (the former capital of Kazakhstan), this article considers how the idea of rational planning was bolstered in the Soviet era by a belief in universalizing approaches and the primacy of scientific truth over local ethics and knowledge. However, in practice, plans were rarely implemented. A succession of contingent events left city officials caught between an immediate necessity for basic shelter and grand plans for quite different futures. This also revealed the tension between rationality as the goal of harmony between man and nature, and rationality as the means to get there. Many citizens believed harmony had in fact been destroyed by statist intervention. The revolutionary logic — supposedly natural laws framing rationality — appeared again after the end of the Soviet period. This time, however, the inverse resulted. The emergence of the market was retrospectively rationalized through the bureaucratic form as an inescapable result of historical determinism.