Abstract

Extant and extinct species of chelid turtles are limited in distribution to South America and Australasia with an extensive fossil record in South America (Early Cretaceous–Recent) and more scarce in Australasia (Early Cretaceous, Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene to Recent). Taking into account their specific richness, chelids are one of the most diverse South American turtle clades. This fact and the above-mentioned disjointed distribution, the early fossil record, and the phylogenetic data suggest an early differentiation from Pelomedusoides at least in the Early Cretaceous in South Gondwanan landmasses.

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