Sources of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Barley Landraces from Turkey

Jerzy H Czembor,Elżbieta Czembor

doi:10.3390/agriculture11101017

Jerzy H Czembor, Elżbieta Czembor

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11101017

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Abstract

Powdery mildew on barley, caused by the pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, occurs worldwide and can result in severe yield loss. Germplasm of barley, including landraces, commercial cultivars, wild relatives and breeding lines are stored in more than 200 institutions. There is a need for characterization of this germplasm in terms of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. This is necessary in order to use specific accessions in breeding programs. In the present study, 129 barley landraces originated from Turkey and provided by the ICARDA genebank were tested for resistance to powdery mildew. Seedling resistance tests after inoculation with 19 differentiated isolates of B. graminis f. sp. hordei were used to postulate the presence of resistance genes. From the 129 landraces studied, plants of 19 (14.7%) of them showed resistance to infection with powdery mildew. Based on preliminary tests from these 19 landraces, 25 resistant single plant lines were selected for testing with differential powdery mildew isolates. Seven lines were resistant to all 19 isolates used. However, only one line (5583-1-4) showed resistance scores of zero against all isolates used. It is likely that this line possesses unknown, but highly effective genes for resistance. In five resistant lines it was not possible to postulate the presence of specific resistance genes. In 19 lines the presence of the genes Mlp, Mlk, Mlh, Mlg, Ml(CP), Mlat, Mla3, Mla6, Mla7 and Mla22 were postulated. These new sources of highly effective powdery mildew resistance in barley landraces from Turkey could be successfully used in breeding programs.

Highlights

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an economically important cereal crop which is known to be drought, cold, and salt tolerant and well-adapted to low-input environmental conditions [1,2]
In five lines it was not possible to postulate the presence of specific resistance genes
Barley landraces from Turkey are a rich source of genetic diversity for plant breeding, including resistance to powdery mildew [10,11,12,38,39]

Summary

Introduction

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an economically important cereal crop which is known to be drought, cold, and salt tolerant and well-adapted to low-input environmental conditions [1,2]. It is cultivated at high altitudes and commonly under rain-fed conditions. It is known to be a rich source of barley landraces They are still planted in this country, and they are characterized by a high level of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. There is a need for characterization of this germplasm in terms of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses This knowledge is necessary in order to use specific accessions in breeding programs [10,11,12]

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