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Abstract
This article contains and discusses the results of research on the source of polonium 210Po and radio-lead 210Pb in the human body of adults living in Poland. An adult inhabitant of Poland receives an effective annual radiation dose of 309 µSv from inhalation and absorption of 210Po and 210Pb. The main sources of both radionuclides in the body is cigarette and marijuana smoking. In terms of food, the consumption of fish, cereals, vegetables and fruit as well as mushrooms have the largest contribution to annual dose. This study highlights the importance of cigarette smoking and the growing importance of marijuana hash smoking as the main source of 210Po and 210Pb for adults living in Poland. The calculated dose that results from the decay of both radionuclides in body is 1/10 of the annual radiation dose received by a Polish inhabitant from natural sources (2.8 mSv) and is almost five times lower than the dose resulting from the inhalation of 222Rn.
Highlights
The long-term effects of the radionuclide intake by the human body are the most important from the radiochemical and radiological point of view
24 m3, it was concluded that the annual inhalation of both radionuclides from the air by the inhabitants of Poland amounted to 1.63 Bq for 210 Po and 3.08 Bq for 210 Po [8]
The annual radiation effective dose calculated on this basis was 5.4 μSv for polonium and 3.6 μSv for radio-lead (Table 1)
Summary
The long-term effects of the radionuclide intake by the human body are the most important from the radiochemical and radiological point of view. A large contribution towards the radiation dose received by humans comes from the naturally occurring uranium found in series of radionuclides accumulated in the body, namely alpha emitting. The specific ability of biota (especially marine) to accumulate polonium leads to their exposure to an alpha radiation dose [2,3,4,5,6]. Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation indicated that 210 Po is estimated to contribute about 7% of the total effective dose to man from ingested natural internal radiation [1]. The polonium isotopes are amongst the most radiotoxic nuclides to human beings [7].
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