Sources for the breeding of soft spring wheat in the conditions of Novosibirsk region

V. V. Piskarev,A. N. Brykova,E. V. Zuev

doi:10.18699/vj18.422

Abstract

The sources were identified among collection samples characterized by highly pronounced economic and valuable features, which allows new geographically remote source material to be taken to the regional breeding practices. This research aims to assess the agronomic traits (duration of the growing period, lodging resistance and plant height, 1000-grain weight, grain weight and yield) in soft spring wheat varieties of different ecological and geographical origin. Estimation was carried out by a 9-point system of expression of the trait during the study, which allows identifying samples with the greatest expression of the trait in the years of study with respect to the average experience. 5439 samples have been studied over 28 years, with 1106 of them, over two years or more. The study was carried out according to the methods of VIR on plots of 2 m2. It was shown that the samples mainly had no correlation between the yield and the duration of the growing period, while the average dependence (г = 0.6) was revealed between the yield and the height of the plants. Varieties forming the intermediate (4.5-5 points) and above average (6-7) yield in a short growing period (69-85 days) were identified (Lutescens 675, Irkut-skaya 49, Simbirca, Hybrid F3 S-141, Hybrid F4, Hybrid F3 S-289 and Hybrid F4 S-2300 and Pamyati Vavenko-va). A high average score (8.6-9) at 1000 grains weight was shown for 16 varieties with variation from 37 g (N43 and IAO-9) to 56 g (Hofed 1). A high average score (8-9) in the evaluation of grain weight was shown for Pamyati Leont'eva, Ekada 70, Simbirtsit, Don Jose, Yong-Liang 4 and Long-Mai 11, which formed ears with an average weight from 0.96 to 2.30 g. A consistently high score (9) reflecting the yield was in the varieties Condestavel, PF 843025, Prilenskaya 19, Pamyati Leont'eva, Omskaya Krasa.

Highlights

Работа направлена на оценку исходного материала по выраженности хозяйственно ценных признаков у коллекционных образцов пшеницы мягкой яровой различного эколого-географического происхождения
The sources were identified among collection samples characterized by highly pronounced economic and valuable features, which allows new geographically remote source material to be taken to the regional breeding practices
Estimation was carried out by a 9-point system of expression of the trait during the study, which allows identifying samples with the greatest expression of the trait in the years of study with respect to the average experience. 5 439 samples have been studied over 28 years, with 1 106 of them, over two years or more

Summary

Генофонд и селекция растений

Работа направлена на оценку исходного материала по выраженности хозяйственно ценных признаков (продолжительность веге тации, устойчивость к полеганию и высота растения, масса 1 000 зе рен, масса зерна колоса и урожайность зерна) у коллекционных образцов пшеницы мягкой яровой различного эколого-географического происхождения. Для более широкого использования сохраняемого в коллекциях генофонда необходимо не только генотипирование образцов (Friedrich et al, 2014; Addison et al, 2016), но и фенотипирование в тех условиях, для которых будет создаваться сорт, и выявление наиболее адаптированного к ним исходного материала, характеризующегося, кроме того, высокой выраженностью хозяйственно ценных признаков (Tadesse et al, 2016). Целью работы было изучение образцов пшеницы мягкой яровой, поступавших в различные годы из коллекции ВИР, и выявление источников агрономически ценных признаков для использования в селекционных программах в условиях лесостепи Западной Сибири. Для удобства сравнения образцов в различные годы использовали 9-балльную систему выражения количественных признаков

Grain weight per spike

Plant gene pool and breeding

Pamyati Vavenkova

Findings

Characters correlating with productivity r tfact