Abstract
Poor grain filling is the main barrier to using heterosis of japonica/indica hybrid rice (J/IHR) (Wang et al 1991, Yuan 1990). This study aimed to explain the causes of poor grain filling by investigating the source-sink relations of 36 J/I-HR combinations. Six japonica lines with wide compatibility genes-PC 311, Lunhui 422, Jw-8, Ce-01, 02428, and Ce- 03-were used as female parents and six typical indica lines- Milyang 23, 3037, Zaoxiandang- 18, IR36, Minghui 63, and Yangdao 4-were used as male parents to make 36 first-generation J/I-HR combinations by the P × Q mode, that is, the females (P) were crossed to the males (Q). An indica hybrid rice combination, Shanyou 63, was used as a control. Seedlings were raised in a greenhouse and transplanted into the rice field on the Yangzhou University farm, Jiangsu Province, China (32°30′N, 119°25′E) during the 1997 rice-growing season (May-Oct). The experiment was repeated in 1998. Source-sink characteristics were determined by measuring sink size (defined as spikelet number m -2 ), content of nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) in culms and sheaths, and dry matter accumulation before and after heading. Flag leaves on the main stems were labeled with 14 CO 2 at heading to examine 14 C assimilate partitioning in the plants.
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