Abstract
Source-Separated Human Urine as Fuel for Microbial Fuel Cell: A Mini Review
Highlights
CitationDai J, Wu D (2018) Source-Separated Human Urine as Fuel for Microbial Fuel Cell: A Mini Review
To explore the feasibility of using human urine as the fuel for Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), this study summarizes the composition of human urine reported in published studies to re-evaluate its potential for treatment with MFCs for subsequent nutrient and energy recovery
An MFC is a bio-electrochemical system and is considered as the generation of wastewater treatment technology for energy production, which was begin from the beginning of 2000
Summary
Dai J, Wu D (2018) Source-Separated Human Urine as Fuel for Microbial Fuel Cell: A Mini Review. Source separation or decentralized treatment for special waste streams are presently the most efficient approaches to recover nutrient and energy [6,7,8]. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentration in urine can reach 8000 mg/L Such a high concentration indicates that urine is an ideal waste stream for energy recovery the high TOC concentration is largely reduced after urine hydrolysis [30]. Besides the parameters mentioned above, heavy metals [11,12] and micropollutants including estrogens, androgens, pathogens, and pharmaceuticals [39,40,51,52,53] are present in human urine Their removal in the urine treatment processes should be investigated to mitigate their negative impacts on the ecosystem and environment. Electrons and protons react with oxygen on the cathode, aided by certain catalyst like platinum, to form water
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