Abstract
This paper presents a detailed investigation into the contributions of different sound sources to the exterior noise of a high‐speed train both experimentally and by simulations. The in situ exterior noise measurements of the high‐speed train, including pass‐by noise and noise source identification, are carried out on a viaduct. Pass‐by noise characteristics, noise source localizations, noise source contributions of different regions, and noise source vertical distributions are considered in the data analysis, and it is shown how they are affected by the train speed. An exterior noise simulation model of the high‐speed train is established based on the method of ray acoustics, and the inputs come from the array measurements. The predicted results are generally in good agreement with the measurements. The results show that for the high‐speed train investigated in this paper, the sources with the highest levels are located at bogie and pantograph regions. The contributions of the noise sources in the carbody region on the pass‐by noise increase with an increasing distance, while those in the bogie and train head decrease. The source contribution rates of the bogie and the lower region decrease with increasing train speed, while those of the coach centre increase. At a distance of 25 m, the effect of the different sound sources control on the pass‐by noise is analysed, namely, the lower region, bogie, coach centre, roof region, and pantograph. This study can provide a basis for exterior noise control of high‐speed trains.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Marco Tarabini is paper presents a detailed investigation into the contributions of different sound sources to the exterior noise of a high-speed train both experimentally and by simulations. e in situ exterior noise measurements of the high-speed train, including pass-by noise and noise source identification, are carried out on a viaduct
Pass-by noise characteristics, noise source localizations, noise source contributions of different regions, and noise source vertical distributions are considered in the data analysis, and it is shown how they are affected by the train speed
An exterior noise simulation model of the high-speed train is established based on the method of ray acoustics, and the inputs come from the array measurements. e predicted results are generally in good agreement with the measurements. e results show that for the high-speed train investigated in this paper, the sources with the highest levels are located at bogie and pantograph regions. e contributions of the noise sources in the carbody region on the pass-by noise increase with an increasing distance, while those in the bogie and train head decrease. e source contribution rates of the bogie and the lower region decrease with increasing train speed, while those of the coach centre increase
Summary
E two microphones were located at distances of 7.5 m and 25 m from the centreline of the track, respectively, and both at a height of 3.5 m above the upper surface of the rail. E length, the width, and the height (from railhead and not including the pantograph) of the train are, respectively, 209 m, 3.36 m, and 4.05 m. E pass-by noise measurement was conducted using a B&K PULSE platform and 32768 Hz sampling frequency. E exterior noise source identification was conducted using a B&K PULSE platform and 16384 Hz sampling frequency.
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