Source camera identification using SPN with PRNU estimation and enhancement

Abstract

The sensor pattern noise is associated with digital images, due to imperfection in the chip of image sensor manufacturing process and it causes pixel sensitivity variation in the imaging sensor. The distinct property of these pattern noises makes it unique to that image sensor. Therefore, it acts as ‘fingerprint’ of that particular imaging sensor. The main contributor of sensor pattern noise is Photo Response Non-Uniformity noise (PRNU). In this proposed work, we analyse the PRNU estimation and enhance the content of the PRNU for better accurate identification of the source camera. The PRNU extraction consists of three stages: filtering, estimation and enhancement stage. Each stage consists of various techniques incorporated for the PRNU extraction. The experiments were conducted on natural images taken from the different camera models. For our experiment, 300 images from 6 different camera models are used and identification of source camera of a given image is done by correlating the PRNU reference pattern with the noise residual model obtained from the test image.