Abstract
Noise is one of the most unfavorable environmental factors in production facilities, for which it is most difficult to achieve compliance with sanitary standards. Prolonged exposure to intense vibrations and noise leads to noise and vibration diseases. The effect of noise on the human body is not limited to exposure to the organ of hearing. Irritation by noise is transmitted to the central and autonomic nervous systems, through them acts on the internal organs, leading to significant changes in the functional state of the organism. With pulsed and irregular noise, the degree of impact of noise on the body of workers increases. Most types of forging equipment relate to impact machines, during the operation of which impulse noise occurs, the levels of which at workplaces, in most cases, exceed the maximum permissible values and relate to those factors, the significance of which in some cases is greater than dustiness, high temperature, manipulation of heated workpieces. Therefore, the problem of reducing vibration and noise in the forge shops is extremely relevant and has great scientific and socio-economic significance. To solve the problem of noise reduction in forge shops, various options for reducing the noise activity of equipment have been developed/ It is possible to most effectively reduce noise by changing the material and shapes of the beds, noise-attenuating casings, oil baths for gears.
Highlights
All these measures on existing and running equipment are implemented through the use of passive noise protection measures, which in the current production are little feasible, and in most cases impossible at all
The problem of reducing noise in the source of its occurrence and bringing the noise levels to the maximum permissible values should be solved at the design stage
Such an approach to solving the problem of noise reduction is the most justified both from the scientific, technical and economic points of view. Work in this direction is carried out in far abroad countries and is almost completely absent in our country. This is explained, first of all, by the absence of reliable engineering methods for calculating noise and vibration, which would take into account the design features of forging machines and technological operating modes, made it possible to assess the expected noise levels at the stage of calculation and design and choose engineering
Summary
All these measures on existing and running equipment are implemented through the use of passive noise protection measures, which in the current production are little feasible, and in most cases impossible at all. The problem of reducing noise in the source of its occurrence and bringing the noise levels to the maximum permissible values should be solved at the design stage Such an approach to solving the problem of noise reduction is the most justified both from the scientific, technical and economic points of view. Work in this direction is carried out in far abroad countries and is almost completely absent in our country. The most harmful effect on the human body is provided by vibration, the frequency of which coincides with the frequency of natural vibrations of individual organs, the approximate values of which are as follows (Hz): stomach - 2 ... 3; kidneys - 6 ... 8; heart - 4 ... 6; intestines - 2 ... 4; vestibular apparatus - 0.5..L, 3; eyes - 40 ... 100, etc
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