Abstract
The dependence of sound transmission on the statistics of a randomly rough interface between two dissimilar fluids has been studied by Kirchhoff-Helmholtz theory, laboratory scale model, and ocean experiment. The analysis and verified conclusions for transmission in the Snell direction are very similar to those in the case of specular scatter from a randomly rough surface; for example, when there is a large impedance mismatch and low roughness, the intensity is coherent and is e−R times the smooth surface transmission; for large roughness, the transmitted sound is incoherent and depends on the surface correlation length. The roughness parameter for transmission is R = k22σ2[(c2/c1) cosθ1−cosθ2]2, where k, c, and θ are the propagation constant, speed of propagation, and angle with the normal; subscript 1 refers to the incident medium; and σ is the rms height of the surface.
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